the legend of karimunjava island
once upon a time in muria mountain, there lived the family of sunan muria. amir hasan or called as sunan nyamplungan is the son of sunan muria.
he was very spoiled by his mother. because of that, he became a naughty boy.
then his father, sunan muria asked him to study in kudus. he studied islamic religion to his uncle, sunan kudus. after some time, he became an obedient young man. sunan muria was very proud of him.
one day, sunan muria asked amir hasan to go to somewhere to spread islamic religion. his father asked him to go to an island that could be seen from muria mountain. it was on the west – north of jepara. this island seemed to be fade (kremun-kremun in javanese). and from that time, people called the island as karimunjava island.
amir hasan followed by his mate went to karimunjava island. they sailed to the island day and night and finally they reached the island. then they did what his father said. amir hasan and his people lived in the island ever after.
Sunday, October 12/ 2008
After go to Church, I went to “warnet” to did this homework, but I forgot to bring my book, because in that book wrote the password to enter this site. Ooo, what a damn day.. So I opened www.indonesia.faithfreedom .org to read many articles, but in the afternoon i did this in house.
Hybrid and Vehicle Systems
Hybrid and vehicle systems research provides an overarching vehicle systems perspective to the technology research and development (R&D) activities of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) vehicle research programs, and identifies major opportunities for improving vehicle efficiencies. The effort evaluates and validates the integration of technologies, provides component and vehicle benchmarking, develops and validates heavy hybrid propulsion technologies, and develops technologies to reduce the parasitic losses from heavy vehicle systems. Analytic and empirical tools are used to model and simulate potential vehicle systems, validate component performance in a systems context, benchmark emerging technology, and validate computer models. Extensive collaboration with the technology development activities is required for success. The results of hybrid and vehicle systems activities are used to estimate the national benefits and impacts of DOE-sponsored technology development, and successfully transfer developed technology to industry. A brochure about DOE’s plug-in hybrid electric vehicle research is available.
Advanced Vehicle Evaluations
The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity (AVTA) develops test procedures for advanced technology vehicles utilizing input from industry and other stakeholders. The AVTA then uses these procedures to accurately measure real-world performance of advanced technology vehicles. The performance and capabilities of advanced technologies for light, medium, and heavy-duty vehicles are benchmarked through this process to support the development of technology research and development targets for industry and DOE. The testing results also provide data for validating component, subsystem, and vehicle simulation models and hardware-in-the-loop testing. All testing results are presented in a uniform format that allows users to compare the performance of different advanced vehicles, allowing them to make educated decisions: on what areas to focus advanced research, or which vehicle to buy.
The AVTA performs three types of tests: baseline performance testing, accelerated reliability testing, and fleet testing. The type of testing used depends on the vehicle technology, the end-use application, and the needs of the testing partners.
- Baseline performance testing provides an accurate snapshot of a vehicle’s performance in a controlled test environment by using repeatable closed track and dynamometer tests.
- Accelerated reliability testing provides reliable estimates of fuel economy, operations and maintenance requirements, performance, component life, and life-cycle costs by accumulating the equivalent of several years mileage in just 12-15 months while operating on public roads.
- Fleet testing provides real-world fuel use, operations and maintenance, and cost data on advanced vehicles operated in a normal fleet application.
By : Briandhika Utama
